Hazrat Aisha RadhiAllah Anha
The learned Mother of Believers
The learned Mother of Believers
Introduction
She was the beloved wife of Rasulallah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, and the daughter of Sayyidina Hazrat Abu Bakr Siddique (, may Allah be pleased with him).
Her mother’s name was Umm e Rooman, whose line of descendants joined with that of Rasulallah , peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.
She was the only spinster wife of Rasulallah , peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.
The Sacred Marriage
Three
years after the tragic and painful death of Hazrat Khadija (, may Allah
be pleased with him), Hazrat Khawla, the wife of Hazrat Usman Mazoun,
suggested that Rasulallah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, should remarry.
In reply, Rasulallah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,
asked, “Who should I marry?” upon which she presented two names; one
was that of Hazrat Aisha, and the other was that of Hazrat Sawda, a
mother & 30 year old widow.
Rasulallah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, then sent Hazrat Khawla with marriage proposals to both families, and they both gave their consent.
When news reached Hazrat Abu Bakr, in his immense joy, he wished to clarify a point so he said to Rasulallah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,, “I am your brother.”
Rasulallah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,
then replied, “You are my brother as far as the religion and book of
Allah is concerned, and she is legitimate for me.” (Bukhari)
Hearing this reply, the happiness of Sayyidina Abu Bakr Siddique was clearly visible and he gave his consent.
Hazrat Aisha, at this time, was pre-pubescent but she did not join the auspicious household of Rasulallah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, till maturity.
The relationship between Rasulallah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, and Hazrat Aisha was friendly, kind & loving. Of all the blessed wives, she was the closest & most favoured.
She also took pride as the daughter of the first Caliph of Islam, and the only virgin wife of Rasulallah , peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.
Impact of marriage
This holy marriage holds a significant place in the history of Islam. For one, it reinforced the friendship between Rasulallah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, and Hazrat Abu Bakr Siddique, who had always stood by his friend in hours of distress.
In addition to this, a lady of rare qualities was blessed with Rasulallah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,’s presence, and the opportunity to spend her youth with in the auspicious household of the Holy Prophet , peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.
An intellectual scholar
An intellectual scholar
In interpreting religious issues, and as a jurist of Sunnah, Hazrat Aisha was & still is at the forefront.
· Imam
Zuhri said, “Hazrat Aisha was the most learned person amongst the
people. Senior & learned companions used to consult her.”
· Hazrat Musa ibne Talha said, “I did never see anyone more eloquent than Aisha.” (Tirmidhi, Vol 2, page 228)
· Hazrat Abu Musa Ashari said, “We faced no difficulty whose solution was not with Aisha.” (Tirmidhi, Vol 2, page 228)
· Imam Zuhri said, “If the knowledge of all men and wives of Rasulallah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, was put together, the knowledge of Aisha would exceed the knowledge of them all.”
Thousands
of Ahadith have been reported by her, and she even conveyed her
decision on religious matters during the reign of the first 3 Caliphs of
Islam.
In
Islamic jurisprudence, the distinguished theologians & jurists like
Imam Abu Hanifa and Imam Bukhari followed her principles.
Her Elevated Status
Many Ahadith demonstrate her exalted position amongst other women in Islam. Here are a few:
· Rasulallah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,
said, “You had been shown to me for three successive nights in a dream.
An angel brought you wrapped in a piece of white silk and said, ‘it is
your wife’. I exposed your face and there you were. Then I said, ‘if
this dream is from Allah, He will fulfil it.’” (Bukhari, Muslim)
· Hazrat Aisha herself reports that Rasulallah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,
said, “O Aisha! This is Jibreel who greets you. Aisha replied, ‘be
salutations & Mercy of Allah upon him.’” (Bukhari, Muslim)
· Another Hadith in the same context:
”Aisha has such superiority over women as ‘sareed’ (a kind of food) has over other foods.” (Bukhari, Muslim)
”Aisha has such superiority over women as ‘sareed’ (a kind of food) has over other foods.” (Bukhari, Muslim)
· Another Hadith also confirms her prestigious status.
Hazrat Amr bin Aas said: I submitted, “O Allah’s Messenger! Who amongst all the people is the dearest to you?” He said, “Aisha”. I asked, “Out of the men?” He said, “Her father.” (Tirmidhi)
Hazrat Amr bin Aas said: I submitted, “O Allah’s Messenger! Who amongst all the people is the dearest to you?” He said, “Aisha”. I asked, “Out of the men?” He said, “Her father.” (Tirmidhi)
· Rasulallah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said, “By Allah, revelation has not been revealed to me in the quilt of any of my wives except hers (Aisha).”
· This Hadith emphasises the connection between Rasulallah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, and Hazrat Aisha:
Jibreel said, “This (Hazrat Aisha) is your wife in this world and the hereafter.” (Tirmidhi)
Jibreel said, “This (Hazrat Aisha) is your wife in this world and the hereafter.” (Tirmidhi)
Migration & title of Muhajir
Almighty
Allah has further elevated the status of those Blessed Companions who
migrated from Makkah to Madinah Sharif. The Holy Qur’an says:
”And those who left their homes and hearths in the way of Allah being oppressed. We shall surely give them good place in the world. And undoubtedly, the reward of the Hereafter is much greater; anyhow, people would have known.”
”And those who left their homes and hearths in the way of Allah being oppressed. We shall surely give them good place in the world. And undoubtedly, the reward of the Hereafter is much greater; anyhow, people would have known.”
(Holy Qur’an 16:41 Kanzul Iman)
When Rasulallah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, migrated from Makkah to Madinah Sharif, Hazrat Abu Bakr Siddique (, may Allah be pleased with him) left his family in Makkah to accompany Rasulallah , peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. When peace reigned over the lands of Madinah Sharif, he then sent Hazrat Abdullah to bring Hazrat Umm e Rooman, Hazrat Asma and Hazrat Aisha to Madinah Sharif.
Hence, these people are also included on the list of the Muhajir (or emigrants).
Daughter of the first Caliph of Islam
One of her excellences is that she is the daughter of the first Caliph of Islam, the intimate friend (Khalil) of Rasulallah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,, Sayyidina Hazrat Abu Bakr Siddique (, may Allah be pleased with him).
It was Hazrat Abu Bakr Siddique (, may Allah be pleased with him) who paid ransom to release Sayyidina Hazrat Bilal, Hazrat Amir bin Tahira and five other Muslims from slavery.
It was Hazrat Abu Bakr Siddique (, may Allah be pleased with him) who accompanied Rasulallah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, in the cave of Thawr on the night of migration.
It was Hazrat Abu Bakr Siddique (, may Allah be pleased with him) who is mentioned in the Holy Qur’an as Rasulallah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,’s companion.
It was Hazrat Abu Bakr Siddique (, may Allah be pleased with him) who was appointed as the Imam of prayers before Rasulallah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,’s passing away.
It was Hazrat Abu Bakr Siddique (, may Allah be pleased with him) who was the successor & Caliph of our beloved Rasulallah , peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.
It was Hazrat Abu Bakr Siddique (, may Allah be pleased with him) who passed the command to gather the Holy Qur’an into one book form.
Courage
Hazrat Aisha was very audacious and a brave lady who never feared being face-to-face with her problems. She was so courageous that even the horrible scenes of the Battle of Uhud did not dampen her spirits in helping the Muslim soldiers.
It was Hazrat Abu Bakr Siddique (, may Allah be pleased with him) who paid ransom to release Sayyidina Hazrat Bilal, Hazrat Amir bin Tahira and five other Muslims from slavery.
It was Hazrat Abu Bakr Siddique (, may Allah be pleased with him) who accompanied Rasulallah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, in the cave of Thawr on the night of migration.
It was Hazrat Abu Bakr Siddique (, may Allah be pleased with him) who is mentioned in the Holy Qur’an as Rasulallah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,’s companion.
It was Hazrat Abu Bakr Siddique (, may Allah be pleased with him) who was appointed as the Imam of prayers before Rasulallah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,’s passing away.
It was Hazrat Abu Bakr Siddique (, may Allah be pleased with him) who was the successor & Caliph of our beloved Rasulallah , peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.
It was Hazrat Abu Bakr Siddique (, may Allah be pleased with him) who passed the command to gather the Holy Qur’an into one book form.
Courage
Hazrat Aisha was very audacious and a brave lady who never feared being face-to-face with her problems. She was so courageous that even the horrible scenes of the Battle of Uhud did not dampen her spirits in helping the Muslim soldiers.
Hazrat
Anas bin Malik (, may Allah be pleased with him) says that during the
battle, he saw her carrying a leather bag full of water and satiating
the thirst of the Muslims. (Bukhari)
Imam
Ahmad bin Hanbal writes that during the Battle of the Trench, Hazrat
Aisha, ignoring the dangers and perils, would leave the castle and
witness the plight of battle.
Generosity and selflessness
Hazrat
Aisha was equally renowned for her generosity. Hazrat Urwa bin Zubair
reports that once she got seventy thousand dirhams. He witnessed her
giving the entire amount in charity, and leaving nothing at all for
herself.
Hazrat
Abdullah bin Zubair, her nephew, sent her one Lakh (10,000) dirhams
which she gave in the way of Allah within a day. On that day, she was
also observing fast. At night, her house maid served her leaf and
suggested that it would have been better if she has brought some meat
out of that money, with which she could have broken her fast. At this,
Sayyida Hazrat Aisha said, “You might have reminded me of it then.”
(Mustadrak-e-Hakim, Vol 4)
This shows how Hazrat Aisha hardly thought of her own needs, and always put others before herself.
It
is written in Moatta Imam Malik that once Hazrat Aisha was fasting and
there was nothing at home to eat besides a loaf of bread. Meanwhile, a
beggar woman called out for help. Hazrat Aisha told her maid to give the
woman the loaf of bread. The maid said, “With which thing will you
break your fast?” The mother of believers replied, “First give it to
her.”
In
the evening, someone sent mutton to her as a gift. Then Sayyida Aisha
said to her maid, “Look! Allah has sent something better than a loaf of
bread.”
Mutual Love & Respect
Hazrat Aisha loved Rasulallah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,
to such an extent that she would feel like a fish out of water in his
absence. The following incidence throws great light on this:
Sayyida Aisha and Sayyida Hafsa were both accompanying Rasulallah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, on a journey. On the way, Sayyida Aisha and Sayyida Hafsa exchanged camels.
Sayyida Aisha and Sayyida Hafsa were both accompanying Rasulallah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, on a journey. On the way, Sayyida Aisha and Sayyida Hafsa exchanged camels.
At night, Rasulallah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,
went to the camel which Hazrat Hafsa was riding. Hazrat Aisha could not
bear the separation, and when they reached the terminal, she dismounted
the camel, stood on the grass and said, “Oh my Lord! Send any scorpion
or serpent to bite me up. And he is thy Prophet, I cannot say anything
about him.” (Muslim)
Another incidence testifies to the fact that all the blessed wives of Rasulallah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, cherished him to a great degree. All fascination and charms of this world could not shake the love they had for Rasulallah , peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.
The following verse was revealed to Rasulallah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,:
The following verse was revealed to Rasulallah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,:
“Oh
Communicator of the Unseen! Say to your wives, if you wish the life of
the world and its adornment, then come, I provide you with wealth and
leave you in a well manner. And if you wish for Allah & His
Messenger, and the home of the Hereafter then undoubtedly Allah has
prepared for the well-doers amongst you a great reward.”
(Holy Qur’an 33:28-29 Kanzul Iman)
Rasulallah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, first of all recited these verses to Hazrat Aisha and asked her to consult her parents before giving her opinion.
Hazrat Aisha, without any hesitation, replied:
“There
is no room for consulting the parents in this matter. I opted myself
for Allah, His Messenger & the home of the Hereafter.” (Muslim,
Kitabul Talaaq)
In this way, she set precedence for the rest of the blessed wives to follow in the same direction.
Importance of the Veil
Hazrat Aisha herself narrates:
”I would enter my house where Rasulallah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, was buried, without observing my veil, thinking ‘here are my husband and father’, but when Umar was buried beside them, by Allah, due to my shame from Umar, I would enter covering my head properly.” (Mishkat)
”I would enter my house where Rasulallah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, was buried, without observing my veil, thinking ‘here are my husband and father’, but when Umar was buried beside them, by Allah, due to my shame from Umar, I would enter covering my head properly.” (Mishkat)
Clarification of doubts
Nowadays
it is more evident that western critics, out of sheer prejudice,
hostility and ignorance, criticise the marriage between Rasulallah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, and Hazrat Aisha, declaring it to be a marriage based on lust – Allah forbid!
Here, it should be mentioned that Rasulallah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,
did not marry Hazrat Aisha just to appease a desire. As a young man of
25 years, with stunning beauty & captivating charms, any beautiful
young girl could have been chosen as his wife.
Many beautiful women from honourable families proposed marriage to Rasulallah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,
but he declined. Instead, when he was only 25 years of age he married a
widow who had children from her previous marriage. Considering the fact
that he was the most handsome person that Allah has created, many women
desired him in marriage. Had he followed his desires, there was no
obstacle for him to do so. In his youth, he could have had many
beautiful women, but he married a widow 15 years his senior.
It should also be noted that after his marriage to Hazrat Khadija, he did not marry again until he reached the age of 50.
Another
point is that if the marriage was the outcome of lustful desires
(astaghfirullah), why did he not marry any other spinster after his
marriage to Hazrat Aisha. On the contrary, he married widows and
divorcees during his 10 year stay in Madinah Sharif, and never preferred
any young girl although opportunities were always available.
Hence, these fallacies have no basis and are the result of ignorance and spite.
The actual reasons are as follows:
1. The wives of Rasulallah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,,
with the exception of Hazrat Aisha, were all of advanced age, and thus
could neither share the feelings of the younger generation, nor could
they properly appreciate their point of view.
The difference of age always stood as a barrier between them and ladies of younger ages. The only lady with whom a young girl could identify with and confide in, was none else by the young Hazrat Aisha.
Thus, the marriage of Rasulallah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, with Hazrat Aisha was a great necessity, as it was through her that instructions could successfully be imparted to the young girls who had newly entered into the fold of Islam.
The difference of age always stood as a barrier between them and ladies of younger ages. The only lady with whom a young girl could identify with and confide in, was none else by the young Hazrat Aisha.
Thus, the marriage of Rasulallah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, with Hazrat Aisha was a great necessity, as it was through her that instructions could successfully be imparted to the young girls who had newly entered into the fold of Islam.
2. This
marriage clarified the belief that it stood against religious ethics to
marry the daughter of a man whom one declared as his brother.
Rasulallah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, showed to the people that there is a great difference between a brother in faith, and a brother by blood.
The marriage which is forbidden in Islam is not that with the daughter of one who is a brother by faith, but with one who is one’s niece in blood.
The marriage which is forbidden in Islam is not that with the daughter of one who is a brother by faith, but with one who is one’s niece in blood.
Journey to the Heavens
This distinguished lady of great piety and rare character passed away at the age of sixty-five on the 17th of Ramadan 57 AH.
Hazrat
Abu Hurairah led her funeral prayers, and the blessed learned Mother of
Believers was buried in Jannatul Baqi, where she is enjoying a deep
sleep under the skies of peace and tranquillity to this day.
Tags:
Womens section